Chapter 25: Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS

sexually transmitted disease, infectious diseases spread from person to person through sexual contact

sexually transmitted infections, another name for std

occurrences of diseases in which many people in the same place at the same time are affected

without symptoms

being sexually active with more than one person, engaging in unprotected sex, selecting high-risk partners, using alcohol and other drugs

also known as barrier protection, not 100 percent effective in preventing std transmission

deliberate decision to avoid harmful behaviors, including sexual activity before marriage and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs, only method that is 100 percent effective in preventing stds

estimated number of people living in us with an incurable std

how often new cases of stds are us teens

incurable std, cancer, infertility, passing to children

known as pelvic inflamatory disease, damages female reproductive organs and can cause sterility

can cause incurable stds and cannot be eliminated from the body

virus that can cause cancer of the liver

human papillomarvirus, a virus that can cause genital warts or asymptomatic infection, can cause cancer of the cervix, penis, and anus, most common std

damage to bones, nervous system, and brain, premature births, blindness, pneumonia, death

country with the highest rates of stds in the industrialized world

percent of sexually active people who acquire hpv at some point during their lives

number of different types of hpv that can infect the genital area

test that may detect changes associated with hpv

pink or reddish warts with cauliflower like tops that appear on the genitals, vagina, or cervix 1-3 months after hpv infection that are highly contagious

where warts can develop in babies born to mothers with hpv that can obstruct breathing passages, which can be life threatening

bacterial infection that affects the reproductive organs of both males and females, asymptomatic for many, diagnosed by lab examinations of secretion from cervix or urethra, treated with antibiotics

males: discharge from penis, burning upon urination. females: vaginal discharge, burning up on urination, abdominal pain

std caused by the herpes simplex virus, asymptomatic, treated with mediation, diagnosed through lab testing on blister fluid

both: blisterlike sores in genital area that occur periodically

bacterial std that usually affects the mucous membrane, diagnosed by swabbing the cervix and growing the organisms, treated with antibiotics

females: vaginal discharge, pain/burning upon urination

std caused by a microscopic protozoan that results in infections of the vagina, urethra, and bladder, diagnosed by microscopic examination of the discharge, treated with antibiotics

males: mild urethral itching or discharge and burning after urination. females: vaginitis

std that attacks many parts of the body and is caused by a small bacterium called a spirochete, diagnosed with blood tests, treated with antibiotics

both: chancres

painless reddish sore at the site of infection

acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a disease in which the immune system of the patient is weakened, advanced stage of hiv

a disease in which cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from mouth to anus, including the stomach and intestines

human immunodeficiency virus, a virus that attacks the immune system, cause of aids, takes over cells and replicates them to survive, progressive infection

white blood cells that help the body fight pathogens

cells invaded when hiv enters the blood

infections that occur in individuals who do not have healthy immune systems

blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, sexual intercourse, sharing needles, mother to baby

blood through umbilical cord and delivery, breast milk

flu-like symptoms, asymptomatic stage, symptomatic stage, aids

period of time during which a person infected with hiv has no symptoms

stage in which a person infected with hiv has symptoms as a result of a severe drop in immune cells

test that screens for the presence of hiv antibodies in the blood, first test

developing antibodies takes time, certain health conditions

most common confirmation test for hiv in the united states, 100 percent accurate if done correctly

hiv infects cell that regulate immune response, new strains are always developing, side effects of treatments are too severe, people stop taking it which leads to stronger strains, very expensive, not everyone has access

combinations of drugs

global outbreak of infectious disease

avoid situations with drugs and pressure to engage in sexual activity, leave when being pressured, practice refusal

one of a pair of female glands in which the eggs form and the female hormones estrogen and progesterone are made

one of two long, slender tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus where eggs pass through

the hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis where a fetus develops and grows

the lower, narrow end of the uterus (womb) that connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal)

the muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus

a pill used to prevent pregnancy, prevents eggs from being released from the ovaries, weakens the uterus to where an egg cannot implant, creates a mucous membrane-like barrier in the cervix to keep out sperm

behavior characterized by the making of unwelcome and inappropriate sexual remarks or physical advances in a workplace or other professional or social situation

sexual contact or behavior that occurs without explicit consent of the victim

the act of forcing a person to engage in sexual activity and especially intercourse

number of women that experienced completed or attempted rape during their lifetime

number of men that experienced completed or attempted rape during their lifetime

a law requiring authorities to notify communities of the whereabouts of convicted sex offenders

a person who is sexually attracted to children.

a circular dome made of soft, thin silicone that is inserted into the vagina before sex and covers the cervix so that sperm can't get into the womb

a thin cover worn on the penis during intercourse

small parasites that attach to the skin and hair near the genitals

a contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the itch mite