CCNA

100-199

Security/QoS management, client authentication, client association

“Real-time” operation such as transmitting/receiving, encryption/decryption, and sending beacons/probes

0007.B400.0102

0000.0C07.AC0B

0000.5E00.0101

2-Way

Server Mode

WPA2 passphrase in ASCII format

PPP and HDLC

Congestion avoidance method that drops lower-priority packers if network congestion is detected

Duplex mismatch and long cable segments

1-99

170

90

1

0

115

110

120

1. Manuel router ID

2. Highest loopback

3. Highest active IP address

ip host name ip address subnet mask

1. Down

2. Init

3. Two-way

4. Ex-start

5. Exchange

6. Loading

7. Full

Placed close to the destination

Placed close to the source

show ip nat translations

show ip nat statistics

1. Clientless SSL VPN

2. Client-based IPsec VPN

Traffic marking

LLQ is a QoS mechanism that allows delay-sensitive data to be sent first before other packets

To ensure that the device loads the start up config file during start up

Syslog levels are ordered by severity whereby 0 is the most severe and 7 is the least

Allows multi-layer switches to forward IP packets without calling on the CPI to make routing decisions

Python

A packet-switching technique is used within Cisco routers to optimize the forwarding of packets and increase packet-switching speed.

1. FIB (Forwarding Information Base)

2. Adjacency Table

The FIB is a mirror copy of the routing table

The adjacency table maintains Layer 2 next-hop addresses for all FIB entries

SSID (Service Set Identifier)

A wireless network in which two or more wireless devices connect directly without using an AP. An example of this is AirDrop so it is not scalable

A wireless network in which clients connect to each other via an AP but not directly to each other.

Identifies an AP in the BSS

One or more interconnected basic service sets (BSSs) and their associated LANs

One access point is connected to the wired network while the rest of the APS are interconnected wirelessly

32 bits

4 bytes

128 bits

16 bytes

100,000,000 bps

Interface Cost= Reference bandwidth/interface bandwidth

Data integrity

Confidentiality

1. Core

2. Distribution

3. Access

1. Collapsed Core/Distribution

2. Access

1. provide high-speed backbone connectivity

2. functions as aggregators for all campus blocks

1. established Layer 3 routing boundaries

2. implements network access policy

1. represents the network edge

2. provides network access to the user

A network topology that consists of 2 switching layers—a spine and a leaf.

• The leaf layer consists of access switches that aggregate traffic from servers and connect directly to the spine or network core

• Spine switches interconnect all leaf switches in a full-mesh topology.

boot system ____

When a wave is bent while entering a medium where the signal travels at a different speed

Diffraction happens when the wave goes around an object

Scattering is caused by dust, smog, uneven surfaces, etc

NVRAM stores the configuration information on the network server in text form as configuration commands

Cisco DNA Center is an appliance to configure that provides a GUI and programming interface to design and troubleshoot a network.

Used for troubleshooting

Enforce policies and contain threats across the network

1. Design

2. Policy

3. Provision

4. Assurance

5. Platform

Modeling an entire network

Creating policies to automate and simplify network management

Providing new services to users

Proactive monitoring and insights from the network to predict problems and ensure policies and configurations achieve the business' intent

Provides the use of APIs for end-to-end solutions and add support for multi-vendor devices

1. Unified WLC

2. Cloud-based WLC

3. Embedded WLC

4. Mobility Express WLC

The WLC is a hardware appliance in a central location of the network

The WLC is a virtual machine running on a server, usually in a private cloud in a data center.

The WLC is integrated within a switch

The WLC is integrated within an Access Point

WLC manages network access points that allow wireless devices to connect to the network.

An open Cisco proprietary wireless management protocol

An open industry-standard protocol for wireless management

Some traffic is performed by the AP and the remainder is handled by the WLC

Also known as EtherChannel to bundle multiple ports into one.

Allows the AP to locally switch traffic between wired and wireless networks if CAPWAP tunnels to the WLC go down.

The default mode for an LAP where the AP offers a BSS for clients to associate with

The AP does not offer a BSS for clients, but it is dedicated to capture 802.11 frames and sending them to a device running software such as Wireshark

The AP does not off a BSS for clients, but it is dedicated to capture 802.11 frames to detect rogue devices.

The AP does not even use its radio, but listens to traffic on the wired network only to receive a list of suspected rogue clients.

A network architecture that separates the control plane from the data plane, allowing network behavior to be defined and controlled using software

The "brain" of the network, making decisions about how the network should behave (traffic routing and network topology).

The "body" of the network, performing the actual work of forwarding network traffic that has been defined

The interface for network administrators to configure and manage the network. It includes the network management software and the APIs used to interact with the network.

1. Application Layer

2. Control Layer

3. Data Plane Layer

The physical network of devices and connections which provide IP connectivity (multi-layer switches and their connections)

The virtual network built on top of the physical overlay network

The combination of the overlay and the underlay (physical and virtual network as a whole)

Connection-oriented protocol that provides retransmission of lost data packets

Connectionless protocol that is much fast that TCP

FF00::/8

“one to one of many”

Method of converting a MAC address into a 64-bit interface identifier