civics vocab 7th

a government in which the citizens hold the power

government with a ruler who inherits the position (or divine right), may rule for life & holds powers varying from very limited to total rule

a system of government in which a single person or group excerisises supreme power based on its control of the military and police

where everyone votes on all issues in a community

a system of government that is centralized and dictorial and requires complete subservience to the state

a system of government in which a group of people will control government and businesses. The economic & political system in the government owns the means of production & decides what will be produced

the legal principle that every group and person, including the government, must obey the law. no one is above the law, no one is below that law.

people are the only source of power for the government. power resides not with the government or its leaders but with the people.

a system in which each branch of government can limit the power of the other branches

idea that the national government shares power with the state government

favored a strong national government that shared power with the states.

government can take property from someone but give fair amount of money of it

cannot be tried for the same crime twice

government when one person has all the power

small group of people has all the power.

citizens elect leaders to operate the government and represent their rights and interests in government

the power of the government limited by the constitution and each branch is limited in what it can do.

the plan for representation by roger sherman of connecticut that settled the divide between the big states and the small states. the legislative was divided into a senate where all the states have 2 representatives and a house of representatives where membership is based on each states population

a person who lives in an electoral district and is represented by an elected official. a person from a legislator’s district.

A plan that only allowed 3/5ths of slave populations to be counted toward a state’s population for the purpose of determining congressional representation. This prevented slave states from gaining extra representatives in the House while denying the most basic rights to slaves.

Opposed the ratification of the Constitution because they favored the Articles of Confederation which kept the federal government weak and strong state’s rights. Agreed to the Constitution once a Bill of Rights was promised.

To Bring charges against a gov’t official for a crime. The first step in removing an elected official from office.

Groups of laws that refer to disputes among people or organizations.

The gov’t has to follow rules & established procedures in everything it does.

A small group of people within a larger group who have more power, wealth, or talent than the others.

A system of democratic government in which the legislative majority selects from within its ranks, the chief executive for the nation.

A system of government where power is centralized almost exclusively at the federal level.

A system with two levels of government; the lower state/local level and the upper federal or central level of government.

A system of government where power rests at the state level and the power of the federal government is intentionally weak.

Economic system where working people own & control the means of production & distribution through democratically-controlled public agencies, cooperative or other collective groups. There are many varieties.

A universal set of moral principles believed to come from human’s basic sense of right and wrong that can be applied to any culture or system of justice

a document issued by a government that gives rights to a person or group English Monarchs granted a written Document which granted land for colonial gov’ts. To those wanting to come into the U.S.

Rights and liberties that can be claimed by individuals by virtue of Being Human also can be called Natural or Human Rights.

Rights that all people have by virtue of being human. John Lockes idea included life, liberty, and property. He thought some people would give up some rights for protection.

Agreement between gov’t and people to take care of one another. It’s an agreement between the people in society.

Cruel and oppressive gov’t or rule.

Power of gov’t are divided among 3 branches of gov’t, to prevent any 1 person or group from gaining too much power. Legislative, Executive, and Judicial.

A reserve army made up of civilians who are trained to fight & can serve full time in an emergency.

Formal approval of an agreement, treaty or constitution.

The belief that gov’t should operate according to an agreed set of principles, which are usually spelled out in a written constitution.

Idea that decisions approved by more than 1/2 of the people in a group or society will be accepted and observed by all the people.

Made up of 2 houses.

Made up of 1 house.

A body of electors from each state who cast votes to elect the president and vice president.

Court order that requires the gov’t to bring a prisoner to court & explain why he or she is being held.

A legal case that does not involve criminal conduct, such as a lawsuit.

Powers of the federal government, specifically given by the U.S. Constitution. These include: coining money, regulating trade, making immigration law, declaring war and funding & regulating armed forces.

Powers of the federal government not exclusively in the Constitution, but which Congress reasonably claim as part of their responsibilities.

Gives Congress the powers to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out powers specifically delegated to them by the Constitution.

Article IV, states that it (the Constitution) is the “Supreme Law of the Land”, this means that when state and federal law are in conflict, the Constitution supersedes all state and local law

First 10 amendments to the U.S Constitution - details specific freedoms that belong to each American citizen.

The power of the president to reject a Bill and sent it back to Congress.

Powers that are clearly spelled out in the constitution for the federal gov’t.

Powers granted to the states. These include marriage laws, driving laws, traffic regulations, maintaining education system, conducting elections.

Powers shared by the federal and state governments under the U.S. Constitution.

The power of Congress to regulate all foreign

A system of judges and courts that is separate from other branches of government.

What are the framers of the U.S. Constitution meant or were trying.

A decision by a court that serves as an example or guide for future decisions.

Basic freedoms that are considered to be the birthright of all citizens (1st amendment.

Guarantees of equal rights & equal treatment under the law, such as trial by jury & voting rights.

4th Amendment - It is unlawful for a state to deny “equal protection under the laws” to any person within that state.

The process by which the Supreme Court applies the Bill of Rights to the states through the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment.

Not religious or spiritual in nature.

A written statement that is known to be untrue and intended to cause damage.

Speech that is known to be untrue and intended to cause damage.

Speech or other forms of expression considered offensive to conventional standards or decency.

Conduct that conveys a message without spoken words.

A government’s attempt to prevent the publication or broadcast material considered harmful.

A document issued by a judge that authorizes law enforcement officers to carry out a search, seizure of evidence or arrest.

Reasonable suspicion of criminal behavior.

Statements, usually made under oath, suggesting that the person speaking is guilty of a crime.

Prohibits the government from taking private property for public use without compensation.

Money given over to a court in exchange for a criminal suspect’s release from jail until their trial.

The imposition of the death penalty on a person by the state.

A principle that the only real or legitimate government is one where the authority of a government is based on the consent of the people, as expressed by votes in election.

Branch that makes the laws consisting of the House and Senate.

The branch of government that carries out the laws and daily operation of the government. It is headed by a president & vice president.

Branch of government that interprets the laws

A person elected to act on the behalf of other citizens.

One of the major parts of a company, organization, government or school. Functional or territorial division as a major administrative division of a government.

An official rule or law that says how something should be done. A rule or order issued by an executive authority or regulatory agency of a government & having the force of law.

The process or system by which goods & services are produced, sold & bought in a Country or region, Includes the factors of production and their system of money.

Economic system that relies mainly on markets to determine what goods & services to produce & how to produce them.

An economics system that relies mainly on the central government to determine what goods and services to produce & how to produce them.

Economic system that combines market forces with elements of a command economy.

Something that encourages a person to do something or to work harder.

Actions that are done by people, companies, ect. that are competing against each other.

The introduction of something new.

The amount of products or resources available to purchase.

The amount of products or resources wanted at a specific price & time.

The value of the next best alternative that is given up when making a choice.

The condition that exists because people have limited resources, but unlimited wants.

Taxes on imports and exports.

A spending plan indicating income and expenses during a given time.

Assigned spending. Expenditures required by law to be allocated in specific ways.

Spending that is not fixed and can be raised and lowered by the legislative body.

Money on a loan that is owed.

Specific kind of money a country uses.

Money placed in a bank account.