Chapter 5 - Language

a unifying force (ex: language/culture)

a separating force (ex: war/conflict)

used in government, education/work, and mass media

used in daily life throughout all ages

developing but without a literary tradition

loses users and is spoken only face to face

used by older people exclusively

a collection of languages related through a common ancestral language that existed before recorded history

a collection of languages within a family that came from a common ancestral language thousands of years ago

a collection of languages within a branch that share a relatively recent past

Indo European (45.7%) Sino Tibetan (21.1%) Niger Congo (6.9%) Afro Asiatic (6.3%) Austronesian (5%) Dravidian (3.5%) Turkic (2.6%)

the spoken, non standard form of Latin romance languages developed from

German invasion, Norman invasion, diffusion

an international language used to connect people linguistically

meaningful symbols that represent words

a language used formally by the government for public documents + schools

used by an international corporation for mass communication

created by mixing English and another language (ex: Spanglish)

a simplified version of English/a lingua franca

distinct regional variation of a language

spelling, pronunciation, and vocabulary

the most acceptable, widely used dialect in a country

England's standard language

the distinctive dialect preserved and formed throughout African American history

combines the indigenous and colonizers languages

ability to understand someone speaking another way without previous knowledge/effort

country divided between Walloons (French) and Flemings (Dutch)

one that newer generations aren’t being taught

one that’s completely unique due to lack of connections

one that used to be used daily but has since died out

brythonic + goidelic