⋆ ˚｡⋆୨୧˚unit one test: pt. one˚୨୧⋆｡˚ ⋆

The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies

To provide citizens with political freedom

maintain social order provide public services provide national security make economic decisions

Having a system of laws and basic rights for all people to keep order and discipline among citizens.

Services provided by the government to the citizens to promote public welfare -ex: trash removal, public parks, transit systems

Government provides its citizens with services to protect them. -ex: military, police

The government distributes financial benefits to the citizens to stimulate economic growth -ex: farm subsidies/tax benefits & control inflation/encourage trade

philosophical (why does the government exist) practical (is the government giving me what i want) economic (is the government giving us money)

an area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs

primitive family leads to a clan, clan leads to a tribe, tribe gives up nomadic behavior

God created the state and that God had given those of royal birth a "divine right" to rule

The belief that people are free and equal by natural right, and that this in turn requires that all people give their consent to be governed; espoused by John Locke and influential in the writing of the declaration of independence.

population, territory, sovereignty, government

things a government decides to do

the ability of actor A to make actor B comply with actor A's intentions

the right to use power (Granted by: law, states, constitution)

a characteristic that makes institutions that grant authority have a legal right to do so.

A centralized government in which all government powers belong to a single, central agency -ex: audia arabia

A loose union of independent states with weakened central government

A form of government in which powers are divided between a central government and several local governments.

Government in which a single ruler or group has unlimited power.

government that is ruled by a few

a system of government in which power rests with the citizens of the country

A system where legislative and executive functions are combined in a legislature called a parliament; prime minister with administers

a government in which the executive and legislative branches are separate and coequal

electoral college --> people

people

president

Democracy in Ancient Greece and republic in Ancient Rome

government by the people/people participate directly in decision making through voting on issues

A form of government in which people elect representatives to govern them

Magna Carta 1215 Parliament English Bill of Rights 1689

Thinkers apply reason and scientific ideas to government

One who searches for wisdom and knowledge -Ex: John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Baron de Montesquieu

Protected people's rights; pioneered the ideas of natural law, social contract, religious toleration, and the right to revolution

Social Contract: explained that government is based on the idea of popular sovereignty; people give up some freedom in favor of needs of the majority

discussed separation of powers + checks and balances as well as limited government

The articles of confederation was an agreement between the 13 colonies that serves as America's first form of government. WEAK

The document placed too many limits on governmental power. -ex: Gave only one vote per state, despite their size, Congress couldn't impose taxes, Congress couldn't regulate interstate commerce

agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation

The first ten amendments to the Constitution guaranteeing personal freedoms