Studied by 1 personlargest gland in the body
liver
blood supply of the liver
two - hepatic artery and portal vein
hepatic artery
supplies 20% of blood and nutritional blood
oxygenated, nutrient poor
portal vein
supplies 80% & functional blood
deoxygenated and nutrient rich
how does blood exit the liver?
hepatic vein
what blood flows through the portal vein?
all blood from GI and spleen
liver functions as a
filter
intrahepatic shunt
Direct connection between the portal vein and hepatic vein
extrahepatic shunt
Connection between the portal vein that goes straight to the vena cava
(shunt outside the body)
what happens to animals with shunts?
may not be able to metabolize nutrients
stunted
healthy or vomiting
hepatic encephalopathy
slow to metabolize drugs
cell types in the liver
hepatocytes
endothelial cells
kupffer cells
stellate cells
hepatocytes
main cell type
produce bile
synthesize of proteins, carbs, lipid metabolism and detox
kupffer cells
macrophages in sinusoids
screen plasma for escaped microbes from gut, remove senescent RBCs, particulates
stellate cells
in the space of Disse
important in Vitamin A storage
fibrogenic
flow of bile
in canaliculi
collecting into bile ducts
drain into common bile duct
into duodenum
functional unit of the liver
lobule
portal tract
hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct
what is in the middle of the lobule?
central vein
how does blood leave the lobule?
central vein
what is the hepatic sinusoid lined by and contains what?
endothelial cells and contains macrophages
what is drained by lymphatic vessels?
space of disse
function of the microvilli
help absorb substances from the blood and aid in secretion of plasma proteins
what does the hepatocytes excrete?
bile acids and waste material into the canaliculi through basolateral surface
Hepatocytes absorb
toxins, chemicals, drugs and nutrients from Sinusoidal blood before they enter the hepatic vein
how the lobule zones differ?
oxygen concentration and metabolic functions
Where are bile acids stored?
gallbladder and emptied into bile duct that is regulated by hormones
what system is the kupffer apart of?
reticuloendothelial systems that filters blood
stellate cells - contains?
numerous vitamin A lipid droplets, constituting the largest reservoir of vitamin A in the body
stellate cells - hepatic injury and chronic disease
these cells transform into myofibroblast-like cells to generate scar tissue
consequence of intrahepatic shunt
blood rapidly exits the liver before it can be processed
Note
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