Young Families Health Test 1

Ensuring that every exposure to healthcare does not result in fear, anxiety, or trauma.

This prevents impacting their health seeking behaviours as adults.

A pictorial display of a person’s family relationships and medical history.

A graphical representation of all the systems that play a role in a person’s life

• Ovarian factors

• Tubal factors

• Peritoneal factors (endometriosis)

• Uterine factors

• Vaginal-cervical factors

• BMI >35 or <19

X-ray after shooting dye into uterus to see if tubes are blocked

Minor surgery, incision into abdomen for camera

• Undescended testes

• Hypospadias

• Varicocele (varicose vein of the scrotum)

• Low testosterone levels

• Substance use

• Scrotum temperature

• Smoking

• 1 year of trying if woman < age 35

• 6 months of trying if woman > age 35

Ovulating cervical mucous

• semen analysis

• hormone analysis

• scrotal / transrectal ultrasound

Water based lubricant

Formation of sex cells (eggs + sperm)

Egg creation

Sperm creation

Sperm meets egg and implants into uterus

Unintended negative effect on the development of a pregnancy

1-2 weeks

From 3-7 weeks

8-38 weeks

Gives fetus nutrients and oxygen before placenta is grown

12 weeks

• Amnion

• Chorion

Covering on the outside of the amniotic sac, contains amniotic fluid

Covering on the fetal side of the amniotic sac, contains major umbilical chord blood vessels

• 1 vein

• 2 arteries

• Normally delivers within 30 minutes

• If not, there is a significant risk of postpartum hemorrhage

• Will go to OR for surgical removal

• Gas exchange (placenta = lungs of the fetus!!!)

• Nutrition

• Hormone production (placenta makes hormones that sustain pregnancy, like HGC, progesterone, estrogen)

• Waste removal

Eating one’s own placenta

Extra nutrients and iron

• Risk of infection if placenta grows bacteria before consumption.

• Risk of baby death from breastfeeding after eating placenta if mother has group b strep (GBS) (30% of population carries it)

If the clamping of the umbilical chord is delayed for 60-90 seconds, the placenta continues to send oxygen and nutrients to the baby.

At 6 months of age, the baby will have increased iron levels

• Protects umbilical chord from compression.

• Reduces friction.

• Temperature stabilization

Low amount of amniotic fluid

High amount of amniotic fluid

• more common in people with diabetes

10 weeks gestation

• Fetal viability is if the fetus can survive outside of the uterus

• 22 weeks gestation

Fetus has shunt (hole) between both atriums to keep blood moving so half of blood isn’t going to lungs

Shunt between pulmonary artery and aorta, allows oxygenated blood to bypass the pulmonary circulation

Connects umbilical chord to inferior vena cava, allows oxygenated blood in the umbilical vein to bypass the liver

Supports air breathing, helps to lower surface tension of lungs thus preventing collapse

a test of fetal amniotic fluid to assess for fetal lung immaturity

normal value is 2 - 2.5

Lungs contract and expand without gas exchange in utero near end of pregnancy

• iron storage (first 5 months of life, iron from mom)

a single vitamin K shot at birth protects your baby from developing dangerous bleeding which can lead to brain damage and even death.

baby’s first bowel movement, usually passed within 48 hours postpartum

• is a very dark green, almost black color

24 weeks

• neural tube = brain + spinal chord

• initally open at the end

• if neural tube does not close = spinal bifida

9 weeks

fibrous connective tissue

thick white moisturizer covering baby’s skin at birth

Body hair lost in first few months, helps keep vernix caseosa on skin

one egg, identical twins

two eggs, non-identical twins

one placenta

two placentas

one amniotic sac

two amniotic sacs

• bacterial sti

• often asymptomatic

• can lead to reproductive complications

• bacterial sti

• 2/3 cases are men

• can lead to reproductive complications

• symptom: thick discharge, painful urination, pain

• bacterial sti

• progresses in stages

• infectious in first year after contraction

• individuals develop small, painless sore

• 3rd stage of syphilis can lead to death

• viral sti

• HSV-1 = cold sores

• HSV-2 = genital sores

• has flare ups

• viral sti

• found in body fluids

• chronic infection damages liver

• no outward signs of infection (flu-like symptoms)

• viral sti

• attacks body’s immune system

• fatal stage of HIV = AIDS

• transmitted through body fluids

• viral sti

• most common sti

• low risk = anogenital warts, lesions

• high risk = cervical cancer

• transmitted through sexual activity

• Behavioural methods

• Barrier methods

• Hormonal methods

• Permanent methods

• Abstinence (no sex)

• Fertility-awareness

• Withdrawal (coitus interruptus)

• Lactational amenorrhea method

• Condom (male & female)

• Diaphragm

• Cervical cap

• Sponge

• Oral contraceptive

• Injectable contraceptive

• Transdermal patch

• Vaginal ring

• Implantable contraceptive

• Intrauterine contraceptive

• Emergency contraceptive

• Tubal ligation

• Vasectomy

They suppress ovulation by adding estrogen and progesterone to the body, mimicking pregnancy.

They thicken the cervical mucus to prevent penetration of the sperm

Up to 3 months

An intramuscular injectable of progesterone only contraceptive given every 12 weeks

Loss of bone density

3 weeks, followed by 1 week patch free

• Hormonal method (both estrogen and progesterone)

• Inserted in vagina for 3 weeks and then 1 week ring free

• Subdermal time-release method.

• Delivers synthetic progestin that inhibits ovulation.

• Is effective for 3 years.

• Can be hormonal or non-hormonal.

• Prevent pregnancy by inhibiting sperm mobility and viability.

• Usually can be effective for 5 years.

• non-hormonal intrauterine contraception.

• can remain in place for 10 years.

• works by releasing copper ions, which are spermicidal.

• used within 72 hours of unprotected sex.

• reduce risk of pregnancy by 80%