Test 1: Topics - LA 111 (Spring 23)

• Organizing your thoughts logically

• Tailoring your message to your audience

• Telling a story for maximum impact

• Adapting to listener feedback

• PS is more highly structured

• PS requires more formal language

• PS requires a different method of delivery

• eye contact

• clear voice/ can be heard

• organized thoughts

• enthusiasm

• ability to tell a story

• lack of preparation

• reading rather than speaking

• disorganized

• poor delivery

• not practicing

Being aware of different cultures/perspectives and avoiding ethnocentrism

Must be aware of what is right and wrong, be an ethical speaker, make ethical decisions

• Ethical goals -be fully prepared for each speech

• be honest in what you say

• avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language

• put ethical principles into practice

• be courteous and attentive

• avoid prejudging the speaker

• maintain the free and open expression of ideas

Paraphrasing in a way that claims someone else's idea as your own (Different Types: Global, Patchwork, Incremental)

• introduction, body, conclusion

• chronological, topical, spatial order

• main points, transitions

• topics you know a lot about

• topics you want to know more about

• brainstorming

the broad goal of a speech

a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech

a one-sentence statement that sums up the major ideas of a speech

• examples (brief, extended, hypothetical)

• statistics

• testimony

testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields

testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic

• objects

• process

• events

• concepts

1. Don't overestimate what the audience knows.

2. Relate subject directly to the audience.

3. Don't be too technical

4. Avoid abstractions

5. Personalize your ideas

6. Be creative

1. chronological

2. spatial

3. causal

4. problem-solution

5. topical

1. Transitions

2. Internal Previews

3. Internal Summaries

4. Signposts

1. Get attention/interest

2. Reveal the topic

3. Establish credibility

4. Preview the body of speech

• relate the topic to the audience

• state the importance of your topic

• startle the audience

• arouse curiosity

• question the audience

• begin with a quotation

• tell a story

1. signal the end of the speech

2. reinforce the central idea