AP PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 3: Learning Psychology Set II

increasing behaviours by stopping or reducing negative stimuli

an innately reinforcing stimulus, such as one that satisfies a biological need

a stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer

a pattern that defines how often a desired response will be reinforced

reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs

reinforcing a response only part of the time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater resistance than does continuous reinforcement

a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses

a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses

a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed

a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals

an event that tends to decrease the behaviour that it follows

a mental representation of the layout of one’s environment

learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it

a desire to perform a behaviour effectively for its own sake

a desire to perform a behaviour to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment

the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

the perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate

the perception that you control your own fate

learning by observing others

the process of observing and imitating a specific behaviour