Sociology Exam 3

division of society in groups arranged in a social hierarchy

unequal distribution of wealth, power, or prestige among members of a society

a system of stratification based on access to such resources as wealth, property, power, and prestige

elite and largely self-sustaining; possess most of the country's wealth

white collar workers; broad range of education and income

blue collar; typically no college degree

poorly educated, unemployed, sometimes homeless

concept that identifies how different categories of inequality intersect to shape the lives of individuals and groups

lower level professional and management workers - some highly skilled laborers in technical jobs

skilled and semi-skilled workers who perform manual labor or work in service/clerical jobs

jobs typically associated with women - service industry, childcare, etc.

homeless, chronically unemployed

situation in which an individual holds differing and contradictory levels of status in terms of wealth, power, prestige, or other elements of socioeconomic status

measure of net worth - income, property, and other assets

tendency of social classes to remain relatively stable as class status is passed down from one generation to the next

tastes, habits, expectations, skills, knowledge, and other cultural assets that help us gain advantages in society

awareness of one's own social status and others

movement of individuals or groups within the hierarchical system of social classes

movement between different class statuses; often called either upward mobility or downward mobility

movement between social classes that occurs from one generation to the next

a system with very little opportunity to move from one class to another

a system with lots of opportunity to move from one class to another

tendency to choose romantic partners who are similar to us in terms of class, race, education, religion, etc.

tendency to choose romantic partners who are dissimilar

the unequal access to computer and internet technology, both globally and within the U.S.

the idea that entrenched attitudes can develop among poor communities and lead the poor to accept their fate rather than attempt to improve their lot

the removal of the rights of citizenship through economic, political, or legal means

a system in which rewards are based on merit

wealth = ?

the geographical separation of the poor from the rest of an area's population

relative measure of poverty based on the standard of living in a particular society

an objective measure of poverty defined by the inability to meet minimal standards for food, shelter, clothing, or health care

a socially defined category based on real or perceived biological differences between groups of people

a socially defined category based on a common language, religion, nationality, history, or some other cultural factor

a social group that is systematically denied the same access to power and resources available to society's dominant groups though it's members are not necessarily fewer than dominant groups

a set of beliefs about the claimed superiority of 1 racial or ethnic group; used to justify inequality and often rooted in the assumption that differences among groups are genetic

carried out systematically by institutions that affects all members of a group who come into contact with it

carried out by one person against another

the belief that the nation should be built around a white identity that is reflection in religion, politics, economics, and culture

everyday uses of subtle verbal and nonverbal communications that convey denigrating/dismissive messages to members of a certain social group

adoption of cultural elements belonging to an oppressed group by members of the dominant group

claim by whites that they suffer discrimination based upon their race and therefore experience social disadvantages

presenting yourself as a member of a different group than the stigmatized group to which you belong

W.E.B. Du Bois term for the divided identity experienced by black people in the U.S.

romantic, sexual, or martial relationships between people of different races

physical and legal separation of groups by race or ethnicity

red areas were minorities - if you were redlined, you couldn't get loans

scaring white people to move out of their homes because they believed that African Americans moving in would lower the value of homes (whites leaving was what caused the lower value)

ideology that acknowledges race as a powerful social construct that shapes individual and social experiences

a pattern of relations between ethnic or racial groups in which the minority is absorbed into the mainstream making society more homogenous

an individual's membership in one of two categories - male and female - based on biological factors

physical, behavioral, and personality traits that a group considers normal for its male and female members

an individual's self-definition or sense of gender

an individual's behavioral manifestation of gender

describe a person

gender identity is different from gender at birth

the lifelong process of learning to be masculine or feminine, primarily through agents of socialization

a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are

system of classification with only 2 distinct gender categories

"rule of the father" - a male dominated society

position of family member who provides material support, often an authority figure

position of family member who provides emotional support and nurturing

poverty has increasingly become associated with women

attraction towards the opposite gender

attract towards the same gender

attraction towards both genders

lack of sexual attraction of any kind

fear of or discrimination towards gay, lesbian, and bisexual people

discrimination or prejudice against gay people on the assumption that heterosexuality is the normal sexual orientation

belief that 1 sex, usually male, is superior to the other