Fluid and Electrolytes

135-145

3.5-5

9-10.5

3-4.5

1.3-2.1

22-26

98-106

SALT: skin flushed,

Agitation,

Low grade fever/Lethargy,

Thirst

SALT LOSS: Stupor/Coma,

Anorexia,

Lethargy,

Tendon reflexes,

Limp muscles,

Orthostatic hypotension,

Seizures/headache,

Stomach cramping

MURDER: Muscle Weakness,

Urine Output little/none,

Respiratory Failure,

Decreased cardiac contractility,

Early: muscle twitches/cramps,

Rhythm Changes(Tall T)

A SIC WALT ↓  : Alkalosis,

Shallow Respirations,

Irritability,

Confusion/Drowsiness,

Weakness/Fatigue,

Arrhythmia: Tachycardia,

Lethargy,

Thready Pulse,

↓  intestinal motility (NV)

Painful bones, renal stones, abdominal groans, sitting on the throne and psychiatric overtones. seizure, coma. Cardiac: Heart block and V tach.

Trousseau’s and Chvostek’s sign. Laryngeal stridor, dysphagia, tingling in mouth and extremeities. Cardiac: Prolonged QT

Involuntary Arm/Wrist contraction when pressure applied. Sign of Hypocalcemia

Strong face contraction when cheek nerve touched. Sign of Hypocalcemia

Tweaking Calcium Can Clear High Phosphate

Tetany

Calcium deposits (in soft tissues)

Convulsions

Cardiac Arrests

Hyperactive neuromuscular reflex

Prolonged QT Interval

CNS Depression, Rickets and osteomalacia, muscle weakness and pain, respiratory and heart failure

Lethargy, urinary retention, N/V, impaired reflexes, Paralysis, Respiratory and Cardiac arrest

Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, muscle cramps, tremors, seizures, cardiac dysrhythmias, hypocalcemia and hypokalemia

Used for dehydration and to compensate for fluid loss/imbalance ie NS, D5W, D10W, LR

Used to incr blood plasma volume ie Albumin, fresh frozen plasma, blood

Chills, fever, pruritis, Urticaria

Transfusion related acute lung injury

Transfusion associated circulatory overload