Achilles
Famous warrior who died in the Trojan War. Odysseus converses with him in Hades. Extraordinarily strong, courageous and loyal.
Aegisthus
Son of Thyestes, seducer of Clytemnestra and murderer of Agamemnon, killed by Orestes (who is Clytemnestra and Agamemnon's son).
Agamemnon
The king of Mycenae and leader of the Achaean expedition to Troy. Murdered by his wife Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegisthus. Foolish and thoughtless.
Alcinous
king of the Phaeacians, to whom Odysseus tells his story. Husband of Arete and father of Nausicaa. Generous, kind and good-humored ruler and father
Antinous
leader among the suitors, first to die by Odysseus. Cruel, greedy and hypocritical villain, always attempting to justify his evil behavior by distorting the motives or acts of others. Disloyal.
Anticlea
Odysseus' mother; Odysseus meets her in Hades, where he learned she had died longing for him; he can't embrace her. Loving mother.
Arete
Queen of the Phaeacians, wife of Alcinous, and mother of Nausicaa. Arete is intelligent and influential. Nausicaa tells Odysseus to make his appeal for assistance to Arete.
Argus
Odysseus' old hunting dog. weak, filthy and brink of death.
Clytemnestra
Wife of Agamemnon. Murdered her husband to get with lover Aegisthus. Weak and faithless wife. eventually killed by own son Orestes.
Demodocus
Blind bard of the Phaecians; he sings of Odysseus quarrel with Achilles at Troy; this makes Odysseus cry. Blind
Elepnor
A young seaman in the crew of Odysseus who dies in an accident on Circe island and whose spirit reproaches Odysseus in Hades. Youngest of the crew. Broke neck when drunk on roof.
Eumaeus
old swineherd and friend of Odysseus. Faithful to odysseus during his absence. Plays a great role in helping Odysseus regain his kingdom. Loyal and faithful
Eupeithes
Father of Antinous. Rash and disloyal like Antinous. Leads a band of Ithacans to attack Odysseus but realizes his mistake and apologizes.
Eurycleia
an old female servant, still loyal to Odysseus. Recognizes odysseus by scar.
Eurylochus
One of Odysseus' officers; he is an unimaginative and a sober person, who wisely avoids entering Circe's palace in Book X, but who also abets the sailors when they slaughter the cattle of Helios.
Eurymachus
The second most important suitor; he is as evil as Antinous, but far more soft and
Helen
The wife of Menelaus, king of Sparta. She was the cause of the Trojan War. An intelligent person, sees things for what they truly are, but is revered to wifely duties.
Laertes
The old father of Odysseus, who lives in isolation from the demands of public life, on a small farm in the back hills of Ithaca. He remains alert and agile, despite his age.
Melantho
One of the serving maids in the palace of Odysseus; she is a nasty and an impudent young girl and is disloyal to her master, having become the mistress of Eurymachus.
Melanthius
The chief goatherd of Odysseus. In his master's absence he has ignored his duty and has ingratiated himself with the suitors by catering to their whims. guilty by association.
Menelaus
King of Sparta, husband of Helen, and brother of Agamemnon. Like Odysseus, he too has a series of misadventures on his return home from Troy.
Mentor
A faithful friend of Odysseus who was left behind on Ithaca as Telemachus' tutor; he is wise, sober, and loyal.
Nausicaa
The daughter of Alcinous and Arete. She is a charming young maiden, in her adolescence.
Nestor
King of Pylos father of Peisistratus. A very wise and garrulous old man, and a survivor of the Trojan
Odysseus
King of Ithaca, husband of Penelope, father of Telemachus, son of Laertes. He is the first of the Greek epic heroes to be renowned for his brain as well as his muscle.
Orestes
Clytemnestra and Agamemnon's son who avenges his father's murder by killing his mother and her lover Aegisthus.
Peisistratus
The gallant young son of Nestor. He is the companion of Telemachus on his journey through the Peloponnesus.
Penelope
The wife of Odysseus. She is serious and industrious, a perfect wife and mother in many aspects
Philoetius
The chief cowherd of Odysseus; he is brave and loyal and, despite his age, stands besides his master during the battle with the suitors.
Telemachus
The son of Odysseus and Penelope. He is just entering manhood and is very self- conscious about his duty, and his father's reputation as a hero, which he feels he must live up to.
Tiresias
The most famous of all Greek seers. The legend was that in compensation for his blindness the gods had given him his awesome visionary powers. His spirit is consulted by Odysseus in Hades.
Aeolus
God of the winds, and a son of Poseidon. Zeus gave him dominion over the winds, which he keeps in vast caves on the mythical island of Aeolia.
Athena
Daughter of Zeus, goddess of wisdom and patroness of the arts and crafts, also known as Pallas. Odysseus is her favorite and protégé. Grey eyed.
Calypso
The sea nymph who keeps Odysseus captive for nine years and who, in hope of making him her husband, offers him immortality. She is beautiful and immotial.
Charybdis
A sea monster that swallows huge amounts of water three times a day before belching them back out again, creating whirlpools.
Circe
The enchantress who transforms the crew of Odysseus into swine and who, when she finds that she cannot conquer Odysseus, takes him as a lover and helps him with advice and supplies on his voyage home.
Hades
The lord of the dead and ruler of the underworld, which is also referred to as Hades.
Helios
The god of the sun, whose cattle are eaten by Odysseus' crew.
Hermes
Son of Zeus, the ambassador of the gods, conductor of the dead souls to Hades, and patron of travelers, merchants, and thieves.
Ino
an immortal goddess who gives divine aid to Odysseus. She provides him with a veil and instructs him how he can succeed in his plight to reach land.
Polyphemus
A one-eyed Cyclops who holds Odysseus and his men captive in his cave until he is made drunk and blinded by Odysseus.
Poseidon
Younger brother of Zeus, god of the sea and earthquakes, father of Polyphemus. Because Odysseus is a sailor and must travel home by ship, Poseidon is able to do him much harm. The god bears a grudge against him because of his rough treatment of Polyphemus.
Proteus
Also known as The Old Man of the Sea. He can foretell the future, but he will change his shape to avoid having to; he will answer only to someone who is capable of capturing him. Menelaus captures him and finds about the fate of his brother and friends.
Scylla
A sea monster with six heads whom Odysseus and his crew must pass during their voyage.
Sirens
Two (or three) dangerous bird-women who dwell in a flowery meadow on an island somewhere between that of Circe and of Scylla. They tempt passing mariners to their deaths with their tantalizing songs.
Zeus
The supreme god and king of Olympus. He is officially neutral in human affairs; his duty is to carry out the will of Destiny, but he is often sympathetic towards humans.