ch 8 nutrition

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A classic rule states that each pound of body fat contains 3500 kcalories. Thus, a person who consistently eats 2300 kcalories per day and expends 2000 kcalories per day for 30 days would be expected to gain:

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Nutrition

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1

A classic rule states that each pound of body fat contains 3500 kcalories. Thus, a person who consistently eats 2300 kcalories per day and expends 2000 kcalories per day for 30 days would be expected to gain:

2.6 pounds

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2

Over the long term, the composition of weight gained or lost is ______ percent fat and ______ percent lean, whereas, during fasting/starvation, losses of fat and lean are about equal.

75, 25

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3

Which hormone increases satiety?

cholecystokinin

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4

Which lists energy metabolism components in the correct order from the highest expenditure to the smallest expenditure?

Basal metabolism, physical activity, thermic effect of food

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5

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is influenced mainly by the amount of ______  body mass.

lean

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6

If an athlete consumes 3,500 calories in a day, how many calories are likely to be used to digest the food (thermic effect of food)?

350

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7

Which of the following is measured by BMI?

height and weight

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8

A BMI of 32 would indicate that a person is __________.

obese

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9

A person's ___ circumference is a good indicator of central obesity and suggests the presence of ____ fat.

waist, visceral

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10

Determines body density dry as compared with submerged in water

hydrodensitometry

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11

Uses low dose X-rays to differentiate tissue types

dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

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12

Measures body fat with an electrical current

bioelectrical impedance

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13

Is commonly called the bod pod

air-displacement plethysmography

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14

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for metabolic syndrome?

dementia

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15

Which of the following is the most common eating disorder in both males and females?

binge-eating disorder

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16

What is the first dietary objective in treating anorexia nervosa?

stop further weight loss

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17

Water constitutes about what percent of a healthy adult's body weight?

60

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18

What is the term for the amount of energy that the body derives from foods?

physiological fuel value

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19

What does satiation determine?

how much food is consumed during one meal

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20

Which of the following is the control center in the brain that helps regulate and control appetite?

hypothalamus

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21

Which source of calories causes the body to expend the most energy during digestion?

protein

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22

In general, why does a tall person have a higher basal metabolic rate than a shorter person of the same weight?

Taller people have more skin surface area and lose heat more rapidly than a shorter person

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23

Which statement is NOT true about estimating energy requirements?

The more a person weighs, the less energy is expended on basal metabolism.

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24

What relationship does the body mass index describe?

relationship between weight and height

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25

What does the body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9 indicate?

healthy weight

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26

Where is visceral fat stored?

abdominal cavity

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27

Which health concern is associated with the accumulation of fat in the abdominal region?

insulin resistance

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28

A weight gain of how much after the age of 18 doubles the risk of developing diabetes, even in adults of average weight?

10

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29

Which of the following eating disorders is most common in both males and females?

binge-eating disorder

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30

fat is stored in _____ tissue

adipose

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31

the number and ____ of fat cells increase when energy balance is positive

size

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32

as fat cells enlarge, they stimulate cell _______ meaning the number of cells increases

proliferation

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33

if energy balance becomes negative, the number of fat cells ______

remains the same

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34

oxidation releases energy as heat and ATP

white adipose

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35

formation triggered by exercise

brite adipocytes

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36

releases energy as heat only

brown adipose

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37

stores fat for use by other cells

white adipose

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38

oxidation is uncoupled from ATP formation

white adipose

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39

Surgery for obesity could be an option if the person’s BMI \n is >___

40

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40

Gastric surgeries decrease ______ size; it therefore limits \n food intake

stomach

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41

_______(two words) surgery changes hormone \n production

gastric bypass

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42

Long-term safety and effectiveness depend largely on \n compliance with _____ instructions. _______ in vitamins \n and minerals are common

dietary; deficiencies

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43

In the United States, how many adults are affected by being \n underweight?

2 percent

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44

What percentage of total energy expenditure is thermic effect of food?

10

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