Second Quarter Benchmark

Granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers.

Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution.

Preamble: an introduction that states the goals and purposes of the government \n \n Articles: describe the structure of the government \n \n Amendments: additions and changes, to the Constitution.

Redrawing boundaries or legislative districts for electoral purposes

The system to distribute representatives

The right to vote

The Constitution, laws of Congress, treaties made by the national government shall be the supreme law of the land

Head of state, chief executive, chief administrator, chief diplomat, commander in chief, Legislative Facilitator, party chief

Elected by \n other members to "run the \n show."

The chief spokesperson of the majority party in the Senate, who directs the legislative program and party strategy.

Vice President and the heads of 15 executive departments carries out executive duties, gives advice, and participate in the Presidential line of succession. THEY HAVE TO BE APPROVED BY THE SENATE

A high-ranking senator of the majority party who presides over the US Senate in the absence of the vice president.

A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional

Used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch

Government structure in which government actions are limited by law

We elect people to make laws and policies for us

Power is divided into different levels of government

15, 19, 23, 24, 26

Enforce laws

Interpret laws

Create laws

Presidential candidates choose slates of electors in each state. Popular vote in state decides which candidate's electoral slate wins. Electors' ballots counted in Congress. Congress declares winner, or refers to House if no candidate has majority.

Established judicial review

-Maryland could not tax the national bank; state law interferes with valid federal law \n -Secured for national government implied powers \n -Recognized Supremacy Clause