FRNSC 410 Quiz #1

Backronym of RUVIS and is used to illuminate small items and/or surfaces.

Backronym of LASER and has the advantages of having high intensity and defined operational wavelengths, but has the disadvantages of having limited flexibility with wavelength settings and is typically expensive.

The backronym of HITWLS, this light source that has the advantages of a greater flexibility of wavelength settings and is less expensive than a laser, but has the disadvantage of a lower intensity than a laser.

The backronym of FLS, it is another name used for a HITWLS.

The backronym of ALS, it is another name used for a HITWLS.

A component of a HITWLS, this object offers an intense, white illumination source using xenon and produces wavelengths in the UV and VIS ranges.

A component of a HITWLS, this object is able to transmit UV and VIS light, but blocks IR.

A component of a HITWLS, this item is able to "tune" wavelengths, which passes frequencies within a certain range and rejects frequencies outside that range.

A component of a HITWLS, this object focuses light into a light guide.

A component of a HITWLS, this object is composed of a single-core liquid or fiber optic bundles.

A component of a HITWLS, this object is able to provide uniform illumination with sharp edges. It permits range changes, also known as spot size, from being distant to close up.

This is the selected wavelength that describes the wavelength that is at the center of the range of a filter being used.

This is measured at half maximum and referred to as the full width at half maximum.

The backronym of FWHM. It is associated with the bandwidth of a HITWLS device. It is where the filter transmits at least 50% of light at the central wavelength.

The type of lighting environment a HITWLS should be used in.

The wavelength where blood exhibits the strongest absorption.

Incandescent lamps (tungsten and quartz-halogen), HITWLS (requires IR port), and sunlight are all considered this.

This type of blood fixing is challenging to perform at a scene and aids the adherence of a specimen to its underlying surface.

This type of blood fixing is more frequently used and is less challenging to perform at a scene. Common fixatives are 5-sulfosalicylic acid and menthol, ethanol, and acetone.

The study of the dynamics or flight characteristics of projectiles. It is primarily concerned in reconstruction of shooting events.

The study of projectile behavior from propellant ignition to barrel exit.

The study of projectile behavior from barrel exit to point where pressure behind the projectile is equalized. It is the intermediate stage between interior and exterior ballistics.

The study of projectile behavior from the point where pressure behind the projectile is equalized to substrate interaction.

The study of projectile interaction with objects and other materials.

The following numbered list refers to this:

1. Treat all firearms as if they were loaded 2 Never let the muzzle cover anything you are not willing to destroy

2. Keep your finger off the trigger until your sights are on the target

3. Identify your target, and what is behind it.

The name of the man who created the "firearm safety rules."

The gun is considered this when there are one or more bullets in the cartridge.

The gun can only be considered this when there are no bullets in the cartridge.

This type of firearm is designed to fire one projectile. It includes gun types such as: pistols, rifles, submachine guns, and machine guns. The barrels of these guns have lands and grooves.

This type of firearm is designed to fire multiple projectiles. It includes a shotgun as the type of gun. The barrels of these guns are smooth.

This type of gun is a single-shot gun and includes subtypes such as: revolvers, self-loading guns, and automatics.

Some revolvers have this feature where the cylinder of the gun can be reloaded by swinging out the cylinder to the left or right.

A semi-automatic operation where the bolt and barrel of the gun are not locked and are held together by recoil spring pressure.

A semi-automatic operation where the bolt and barrel are locked and remain locked for some distance after discharge.

This is a component of the firing mechanism, which strikes the firing pin.

This is a component of the firing mechanism, which strikes the primer or ridge of the cartridge.

This is a spring-driven rod-like firing pin, or a component that impacts the firing pin, which travels in linear path to strike the primer.

This is an action type where the hammer must be cocked to discharge firearm.

This is an action type where the firearm can be discharged only with a trigger pull. If the hammer of the gun is present, it cannot be cocked.

This is an action type where the firearm can be discharged using either single action or double action. In semiautomatic firearms that have a hammer present, it is cocked during slide movement.

This type of firearm is either a single shot, pump action, lever action, or bolt action

This is a firearm that holds only a single round of ammunition, and must be reloaded manually after every shot.

This is a design wherein the breech mechanism is cycled by an external lever generally below the receiver.

This type of rifle is a type of manual firearm action that is operated by directly manipulating the bolt via a bolt handle, which is most commonly placed on the right-hand side of the weapon (as most users are right-handed).

This is another term for "bolt action."

With this type of rifle, the expanding gases from the shell move up the barrel into a gas port that regulates how much pressure is exerted against a piston under the fore end. This piston drives back the bolt to cycle the shotgun for the next shot.

This is a device that is used to store multiple rounds of ammunition together as a unit for insertion into the magazine or cylinder of a firearm. Some styles of this device are stripper, full moon, and half-moon.

This is a container that holds cartridges under spring pressure to be fed into the gun's chamber. It is not the same as a clip.

This firearm is an automatic gun and fires pistol ammunition. These firearms are normally compact, and intended to be used at close combat ranges.

This firearm is an automatic gun that fires bullets in rapid succession for as long as the trigger is pressed. This firearm is for military use and needs to be propped on steady ground and fires rifle ammunition.

This type of firearm has a long barrel designed to shoot a straight-walled cartridge known as a shotshell, which usually discharges numerous small pellet-like spherical sub-projectiles called shot, or sometimes a single solid projectile called a slug.

This sighting device is a combination of a bead or post front sight and a round hole set on the rifle's receiver close to the shooter's eye.

This sighting device consists of a main tube with lenses to magnify distant objects, it has line reticles for lining up the center of a target. This sight is mounted on top of the barrel or action of a firearm.

This sighting device uses a non-magnifying gunsight that allows the user to look through a glass optical window and see a holographic reticle image superimposed at a distance on the field of view.

This type of barrel rifling method that uses a toothed tool to remove material, resulting in lands and grooves inside the barrel of the firearm.

This is a rifling method in which a rifling button is forced down a drilled-out barrel blank. The button simultaneously expands the barrel to its final diameter and embosses the lands and grooves on the interior.

This is a rifling method in which a barrel blank is hammered down over a mandrel. This method is used to make polygonal rifling.

This is a rifling method in which the grooves of the rifling are produced by an electrochemical process. The barrel and probe are immersed in an electrolyte (NaNO3) solution.

The bore diameter of a barrel is expressed as this form of measurement, determined by the number of lead balls of size equal to the approximate diameter of the bore that it takes to weigh one pound.

This is an interior constriction placed at or near the muzzle end of a shotgun's barrel to control shot dispersion. The tighter this is constriction is, the more controlled the shot dispersion is and the further distance it will travel.

This is the diameter of the circle formed by the tops of the lands inside the barrel of a rifled firearm.

The diameter of the bore measured from land to land. Not the same thing as bore diameter.

What is the only shotgun that doesn't use gauge?

Designed to be fired out of rifled barrels and smooth-bore barrels. Cartridges can be rifled and shot out of shotguns.

An explosive chemical compound that ignites gunpowder when struck by a firing pin. May be placed in rim of the case of in the center of the base.

The object expelled from the barrel. A bullet is one of these. Commonly is a copper jacket.

Sometimes called gunpowder. Classified as an explosive. Produces thick vapor, draws moisture, and thus rusts parts of a gun. Combusts rapidly, but does not detonate. More of this is added than needed in order to make sure the projectile is ejected fully from the barrel.

Also called a round. A type of pre-assembled firearm ammunition packaging a projectile and its components.

A type of smokeless powder composed of nitrocellulose, stabilizers, and additional additives. Manufactured by the nitration of cellulose.

A type of smokeless powder composed of nitrocellulose, nitroglycerin, stabilizers, and additional additives.

A type of smokeless powder utilized by the military.

Ball, disc, rod, and lamel are all used to describe geometries of what? These shapes are used to control burn rate.

Lead styphnate, antimony sulfide, and barium nitrate are all common constituents of what?

This lead-free primer is designed to eliminate lead vapors.

These indicate the manufacturer of a bullet among other information.

This is part of a shot shell that is designed to produce more consistent patterns by protecting the shot and ensuring reliable powder combustion.

Another term for smaller shot sizes.

Another term for larger shot sizes.

What should you do with a firearm before packaging it as evidence?

What is the first thing you should check for when you see a firearm on scene?

Condition of firearm upon discovery must be ______ and _______

The backronym of GSR. This includes all residue produced from firearm discharge. Some sources include primer, propellants, and projectiles.

This chemical is the most common initiating explosive in primer and is a source of GSR.

This chemical is the most common oxidizing agent in primer and is a source of GSR.

This chemical is the most common fuel in primer and is a source of GSR.

This chemical is the most common sensitizer in primer and is a source of GSR.

GSR components are separated into two chemical categories. What are they?

The most commonly used instrumental method to detect GSR in the lab.

This type of background should be used when using and intense, white illumination to visualize GSR patterns. Stereomicroscopy or other magnification can be used with this type of illumination as well.

This type of background should be used when using IR illumination techniques, HITWLS, and radiography to visualize GSR patterns.

This wavelength range (VIS) from a HITWLS should be used for visualizing GSR patterns in order to cause the substance to fluoresce.

If you want to try and visualize GSR on a dark background, what type of techniques should you use first?

This is a test that tests for nitrates and nitrites, resulting in a product that is blue in color. Some disadvantages include it being very corrosive and not only reacting to one oxidizing agent.

The backronym of MGT, this is a test for nitrites only. To perform this test, test it on patterns and spots.

This test is used to detect lead. It is conducted by dampening filter paper with 15% acetic acid and pressing it onto material, producing a scarlet color if it is positive.

This is a test for copper and nickel. To perform this test, first dampen filter paper with ammonium hydroxide and press it to material. A color change will occur. Green indicates copper, blue or pink indicate nickel.

The backronym of BIM. Based on Locard's exchange principle in the way that material from the projectile it transferred to the substrate and vice versa.

Produced upon impact between projectile and substrate. May contain material from both the projectile and substrate.

Within what time frame can significant amounts of GSR be lost from the skin?

A method of GSR collection that involves different types of swabs and filter paper moistened with solvent to sample areas. Materials are then extracted and analyzed.