IB Psychology SL/ HL1 Sociocultural Approach to Behavior

1+ people who interact with each other, share similar characteristics, and collectively have a sense of unity

refers to the way one thinks about and evaluates themselves in relation to their membership with groups

divides the social environment into in-groups (individuals we relatively identify with) and out-groups (individuals we do not identify with/ very loosely identify with)

part of our self-concept based on our membership with other groups; adopt identity of our in-groups

comparisons between groups and their members

type of social comparison where groups perceive and act in superiority in comparison to their outgroups

acting in accordance with standards of behavior defined by the in-group

a theory of learning explaining how people are actively shaped by or shaping their environment

refers to the dynamic and reciprocal interaction of three factors: personal, environmental, and behavioral; people seek to develop a sense of agency to exert control over important events in their lives

belief & confidence in oneself to do something

results from social categorization; a social schema that generalizes characteristics and attitudes about out-groups

perception that those belonging to out-groups are similar

members of a stereotyped group may inadvertently reinforce the stereotype by performing worse as a result of anxiety

emotional stress and pressure may undermine performance

underlying belief; made up of a set of attitudes, behaviors, and symbols shared by a large group of people and usually communicated from one generation to the next

groups characterized by different norms and conventions; membership to 1+ cultural groups have been seen to have a direct effect on both behavior and cognition

shared expectations of appropriate ways of thinking and behaving specific to a particular cultural group

a culture characterized by the importance that is placed on maintaining one’s honor: strength, and social reputation; responds negatively when these aspects are insulted by another party.

refer to the values of members of a society living within a culture; dimensions are the values of a society and how they effect behavior

loose ties with individuals and a prioritization on one’s sellf/ identity ; more independent and therefore self-reliant

close ties with individuals belonging to their in-group having identity being defined by relationships and a prioritization in maintaining them harmoniously

process by which individuals learn and internalize the necessary and appropriate norms in the context of their culture

people in society who decide what information is shared with groups and other individuals control access to said information in a social group

the process by which we learn and become part of a group

the tendency fir boys and girls to socialize differently

a set of behaviors, attitudes, and personality characteristics expected and encouraged of a person based on their sex

process of psychological and cultural change asa result of contact and interaction with other cultures in order to assimilate with a new culture

when an individual loses a sense of belonging to his or her heritage culture and completely adopts and adapts to the norms and values of their new culture; produces the highest level of acculturative stress

an individual adapts to the new culture by adopting the cultural values and norms , but they still have strong connections with their heritage culture; produces the lowest level of acculturative stress

reduction in mental health and well-being of ethnic minorities that occurs during the process of adaptation to a new culture