SVSU PHYS 106C Keen Chp 2

the spin of an object around an internal axis

the horizontal circle defining the lower edge of the sky

the angular distance from a point on the sky to the point on the horizon directly below it

a measure of location specifying north-south position on earth running from 0 degrees to the equator @ 90 degrees north & 90 degrees south

a measure of location specifying east-west position on earth

angular distance measured on a sphere in degrees, minutes, arcminutes, and arcseconds

an imaginary transparent sphere surrounding earth, on which positions of the stars, planets, and other celestial bodies are projected from extensions of earth's coordinate system

the extension of earth's equator onto the celestial sphere

the star that is found very near earth's celestial pole

the extension of earth's north pole on the celestial sphere

the extension of earth's south pole on the celestial sphere

the point on the sky directly overhead from the observer

a circular arc crossing the celestial sphere and passing through the local zenith and celestial pole

the position of an object on the celestial sphere, measured similarly to the latitude on earth

the time taken by the earth to rotate on its axis relative to the stars

the time between successive crossings of the same meridian on the sky by the sun

a mathematical relationship between the angular size of an object, as measured on the sky, and the object's distance and physical size

the figure-8 pattern formed by charting the daily position of the sun @ the same time of the day over the course of 1 year

the day (june 21st) with the most hours of sunlight, when the sun appears highest in the sky

the day (december 21st) with the fewest hours of daylight, when the sun appears lowest in the sky

A day when the hours of daylight and darkness are equal

the cyclical path in space that one object makes around another object

the angle between a planet's rotation axis and a line perpendicular to the planet's orbital plane

the rotation of a planet's spin axis, similar to that of a wobbling toy

a group of stars that form a pattern, and the designated region of the sky surrounding them

a constellation that, from the viewer's perspective, never rises or sets.

the path that the sun appears to follow against the background as defined by earth's orbit around the sun

13 constellations that lie close to the plane of the ecliptic

as seen by observation of the earth, the appearance of the illuminated portion of the moon, which change cyclically so the moon orbits the earth

an idea or set of ideas used to create testable explanations

moon is between earth and the sun lunar face illuminated points away from the earth

appears in the late afternoon sky as sun sinks in the west

moon at its highest altitude @ sunset occurs seven days after new moon

after first quarter

the time when the Moon is fully illuminated 7 days after first quarter highest point in the night sky @ 12

appears on eastern horizon closer to midnight

7 days after full moon rises @ midnight

last phase before it starts back over

the amount of time it takes the moon to cycle through its phases (29.5 days)

the amount of time it takes the moon to make a complete orbit

the passing of one celestial body through the shadow of another

the outer region of a shadow cast by an extended object

the inner region of a shadow cast by an extended object

an eclipse that occurs when the moon passes through Earth's umbral shadow

an eclipse that occurs when the moon passes partially through the earth's umbral shadow

an eclipse that occurs when a region of earth's surface passes under the moon's umbral shadow and the sun disk is fully blocked

the moment or duration of total concealment of the sun or moon during an eclipse

the distance of farthest approach of an object orbiting earth

the distance of closest approach of an object orbiting earth

the distance of farthest approach of an object orbiting the sun

the distance of closest approach of an object orbiting the sun

a solar eclipse that occurs when the positions of the moon and sun are such that the lunar disk does not fully block out the solar disk

an eclipse that occurs when a region of earth's surface passes under the moon's penumbral shadow

the line defined by the intersection of the moon's orbital plane and earth's orbital plane around the sun.

a collection of stories used to explain phenomena whose physical basis is not understood

a large stone used as a monument or part of a monument

the period extending from 2.6 million years to 10,000 years ago (earliest known use of stone tools)

the period extending from 10,000 BCE to between 4500 and 2000 BCE, when farming was introduced

a model stating that earth is the body around which all other solar system objects orbit

a model stating that the Sun is the body around which all other solar system objects orbit

a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight