child developement midterm

a key skill used to check a child's progress

an environment in which the baby has a wide variety of things to see taste smell hear and touch

shows the average weight and height of girls and boys at various ages

refers to the size relationship between different parts of the body

is the ability to perceive objects that are 3D

is an instinctive response

is a skill that involves the large muscles of the body such as those of the legs and shoulders

involves the smaller muscles of the body such as those in the fingers

the ability to move the hands and finger precisely in relation to what is seen

a condition that occurs when someone severely shakes a baby, usually in an effort to make them stop crying

a substance produce by the body to fight off germs

is changing from drinking from the bottle or breast to a cup

inadequate nutrition

is a skin condition know for yellowish crusty patches on the scalp

a condition that includes patches of rough red irritated skin in the diaper area

the process of the teeth pushing their way through the gums

is a shot of a small amount of dead or weakened disease carrying germ given to the body o that the body may build resistance to the disease

a disease carrying germ that usually is injected into the body

is the process of learning to recognize and express feelings and to establish a personal identity.

is a feeling repose to the world around us

is uncontrollable crying by an otherwise healthy baby

is a condition in which partially digested food rises in the throat

a babys bond to their main caregiver

is a condition in which babies do not grow and develop properly

is a persons unique emotional makeup

is the process of learning how to interact and express oneself with others

is a relationship between events in which one event the effect is caused by another event

a behavior means to teach it through example

a fear to unfamiliar people usually expressed by crying

is a comfortable space free of dangers and with toys that are safe and interesting

is a nerve cell. In response to experiences, babies’ brains immediately begin to develop links between these neurons.

the link between neurons

is part of the brain’s cerebrum and its growth permits more complex learning

is the connection between neurons that transmits instructions from the cell body to another neuron.

is a fatty, insulating substance, which helps transmit information from one nerve cell to another

is a branchlike feature at the end of each axon that receives the electrical messages from other neurons.

is the tiny gap between the dendrites where messages are transmitted from one neuron to another.

is a chemical released by the axon. The neurotransmitter acts as a messenger between the neurons

the ability to learn from sensory information

is the length of time a person can concentrate on a task without getting bored

a general category of objects and information

Piaget’s first stage of learning and lasts from birth to about age two

is the concept that objects will continue to exist, even when they are out of sight

pretneding

is the use of words and numbers to stand for ideas

means something is suitable for the age and individual needs of a child

means to take steps to protect the child from possible dangers.

means to work with the hands. Baskets, boxes, and other containers are fun

1 and 2 year olds

3 and 5 year olds

is the process by which the brain combines information taken in through the senses to make a whole

describes toys, activities and tasks that are suitable for a child at a specific age

is a skillful use of the hands and fingers

are a type of sleep disturbance that occurs during the first few hours of sleep, when children are sleeping deeply

personal care of cleanliness

are the muscles help regulate elimination from the bowels

are fabric made from chemicals, rather than natural sources

means that the fabric can still catch on fire, but will not burn as quickly as other fabric

refers to thinking about ones own needs and wants and not those of others

doing the opposite others

when children release anger or frustration by screaming crying kicking and sometimes holding their breath

unexpalinable and illogical fear

is fear of being away from parents,familar caregivers or the normal environment

is the competition between brothers or sisters for parents affection and attention

the ability to understand how another person feels

how people see themselves

lacking adequate sleep

is a sleep cycle characterized by rapid eye movement

a sleep cycle of sleep in which rapid eye movement does not occur

the process of learning to get along with others

is when children plays but not actually with other children

is a type of play in which children play and interact with one another

the ability of children to control theyre own behavior

independence

when a child is removed from the gorup, perhaps by being required to sit in a special chair for a short period of time.

the modern study of the brain

is the ability to interpret and understand everyday situations and to us prior experiences when faced with new situations or problems

unplanned learning

learning that takes place when a child tries several solutions to find one that works

learning by watching and copying others

learning from being taught by parents teacher or older siblings

the mental ability that involves using the imagination to produce original ideas

means learning the skills necessary for reading including letter recognition and the understanded if letters of the alphabet coebine to form words on a page

is the level of knowledge of basic math concepts such as number recognition needed learning for math

refers to the ability to use clear distinct speech

when a person speaks with sporadic repetition of words

teeth that will not be naturally replaced by another set

means able to use both hands with equal skill level

the feeling of belonging with others

a substance used to strengthen teeth to help prevent decay

the hard outer coating of teeth

emotional stress

belief in ones own abilities

the motivation to accomplish more

someone close to ones own age

the process of learning to base ones behavior on beliefs about what is right and wrong

is hostile and at times destructive behavior that people display when faced with conflict

rivalry with the goal of winning

is a number obtained by comparing a childs test results to those of other children the same age

means that many of the test questions favored or gave an advantage to people from one culture to other cultures