HB test 2

What is the anatomical name for the shaft of a long bone?

A) diaphysis

B) epiphysis

C) osteon

D) periosteum

E) medullary cavity

All of the following EXCEPT one are functions of the skeletal system.  Select the one that is NOT a function. \n A) Support

B) Protection

C) Metabolism of fats

D) Blood production

E) Storage of minerals

What type of fracture is characterized by the bone being crushed and is common in porous bones of older people. \n A) comminuted

B) green stick

C) compression

D) spiral

E) impacted

The green portion of the skeleton is known as the ______ skeleton. \n A)short

B) appendiclar

C) irregular

D) axial

E ) central

Compare the pelvis on the left with the one on the right in the image below.  Is the pelvis on the right a male or female pelvis? \n A) female

B) male

What is bone number 3 called? \n A) ethmoid

B) sphenoid

C) maxilla

D) lacrimal

Match the name of the structure to the correct label.

label the bones

The neurotransmitter that signals muscle contraction is called... \n Myosin

Actin

Calcium

Ach

Individual bundle of muscle cells is known as \n epimysium

sarcomere

fascicle

fascia

The protein bands (one is thick, one is thin) in a muscle that are part of the process of contraction \n A) Myosin and actin

B) Troponin and tropomyosin

C) Calcium and Oxygen

D) Glycogen and hemoglobin

After ACh attaches to its receptors at the neuromuscular junction, what is the next step?

A) Sodium channels open.

B) Calcium binds to regulatory proteins on the thin filaments.

C) Cross bridges attach.

D) ATP is hydrolyzed.

Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells causes \n fatigue

produces lactic acid

occurs with a lack of oxygen

all of these

Movable end of the muscle attachment. \n tendon

ligament

origin

insertion

What type of movement is this? \n eversion/inversion

adduction/abduction

supination/pronation

rotate/circumduction

What muscle is this? \n platysma

sternocleidomastoid

pectoralis

sartorius

deltoid

What is this muscle? \n iliopsoas

adductor muscle

hamstring muscle

gastrocnemius

sartorius

Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscle system? \n stabilize joints

produce heat

protection

movement

Receives and processes visual information \n frontal

occipital

temporal

parietal

Neuroglia present in large numbers in areas of bacterial infection in the brain are most likely \n oligodendrocytes.

astrocytes.

ependymal cells.

microglia.

Receives sensory information and relays it to the proper part of brain for further processing \n Hypothalamus

Reticular Formation

Cerebellum

Thalamus

Damage to the cerebellum would most affect the career of \n an architect

a teacher

an athlete

a librarian

Autonomic NS- "fight or flight" \n Somatic

Sympathetic NS

Parasympathetic NS

Temporal Lobe

The changing electrical potential associated with the passage of a an impulse along a membrane of a muscle or nerve cell

\n action potential

synapse

Na/K pump

impulse travel

name the parts

Without the ____ the two sides of our brain couldn't communicate. \n Frontal Lobe

Corpus Callosum

Cerebral Cortex

Thalamus

Gustatory hairs are used to sense \n smell

taste

sight

touch

Pathway of sound vibration for middle ear.     1. Incus         2. Tympanic membrane                   3. Malleus               4. oval window that connects with inner ear       5. Stapes \n

4, 5, 3, 1, 2

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

2, 4, 1, 3, 5

2, 3, 1, 5, 4

The shape of the lens is controlled by \n cilliary body

retina

pupil

the choroid

label the parts of the eye

label the parts of the ear

Which is the correct olfactory sensory pathway?  1. Olfactory receptors activate         2. Mucus traps molecules from inhaled air                 3. Multiple receptors activated by the same molecule type synapse in a glomerulus: amplify signal       4. Activated interneurons send signal to brain through olfactory tract to olfactory cortex \n

1, 2, 3, 4 4, 3, 2, 1 3, 1, 2, 4 2, 1, 3, 4

At work, a box fell from a shelf onto Ella’s acromial region. In the emergency room, the physician felt that the head of her humerus had moved into the axilla. What had happened to Ella?

A 75-year-old woman and her 9-year-old granddaughter were in a car accident in which both sustained trauma to the chest while seated next to each other. X-ray images showed that the grandmother had several fractured ribs, but her granddaughter had none. Explain these different findings.

While jogging, Mr. Ahmadi was forced to jump out of the way of a speeding car. He heard a snapping sound that was immediately followed by pain in his right lower calf. A gap was visible between his swollen calf and his heel, and he was unable to plantar flex that foot. What do you think happened?

Susan fell off her bicycle and fractured her right clavicle. Treatment prescribed by the emergency room physician included using a sling to immobilize the clavicle and speed its healing. What muscles are temporarily “out of business” as a result of this injury?

When Eric returned from jogging, he was breathing heavily and sweating profusely, and he complained that his legs ached and felt weak. On the basis of what you have learned about muscle energy metabolism, respond to the following questions:

a. Why is Eric breathing heavily?

b. What ATP-harvesting pathway have his working muscles been using that leads to such a breathing pattern?

c. What metabolic product(s) might account for his sore muscles and his feeling of muscle weakness?

As the aroma of freshly brewed coffee drifted by Joe’s nose, his mouth began to water, and his stomach started to rumble. Explain these reactions in terms of ANS activity.

Mr. Harrison is an 82-year-old bedridden gentleman who has discovered a new interest in learning about his body. While being tended by the visiting nurse, he remarks that the supporting cells in nervous tissue (such as Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes) act like the rubber coating around household wiring. What does he mean by this analogy?

When Taylor begins to feel drowsy while driving, she opens her window, turns up the volume of the car stereo, and sips her ice-cold water. How do these actions keep her awake?

Explain the role of vitamin A in vision.

An engineering student has been working in construction to earn money to pay for his education. After about eight months, he notices that he is having problems hearing high-pitched tones. What is the cause-and-effect relationship here?

Janie is referred to the eye clinic by her teacher, who suspects a need for glasses. Examination demonstrates that Janie is myopic. Will she need concave or convex lenses? Explain.