Studied by 28 peopleWhat does the word ‘Islam’ mean in Arabic?
Obedience or peace
What is Tawhid
The Oneness of God
Surah 12 - Qur’an
Say, ‘He is God the one, God the eternal. He begot no one nor was He begotten. No one is comparable to Him.’
Belief repeated daily in the Shahadah
There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet
What is a Muslim’s most important duty?
To declare faith in the one God
Qur’an 4:59 - Supremacy of God’s will
You who believe, over God and the Messenger
What does the word Muslim mean
One who has submitted to God
What impact does belief in the supremacy of god’s will have on Muslims
Bad things that happen in life are ‘meant to be’
Qur’an 64:11 - Bad things
Misfortunes can only happen with God’s permission
Who did Sunni Muslims elect to be the caliph after the death of Muhammad pbuh
Abu Bakr
What is a caliph
A religious leader
Do Caliphs make laws or enforce them
Enforce them
When do caliphs enforce laws
After the community has considered the views of scholars who studied the Qur’an and the Sunnah
What does Sunni mean
Followers of the Sunnah
Who do followers of Shi’a Islam believe should have succeeded Muhammad pbuh?
His cousin Ali, married to Muhammad’s daughter, Fatima
Who did Ali and his supporters believe the true leader had to be
A descendent of Muhammad and chosen by God
How would an Imam appoint his successor
He would identify the next one before he died
What are the six articles of faith in Sunni Islam?
Tawhid, Angels, Authority of the holy books, supremacy of god’s will, prophets of god, day of judgement
What does belief in angels mean to Sunni Muslims
Angels communicate the message of God to humans
What does belief in the holy books mean to Sunni Muslims?
The Qur’an is the most important belief and has the highest authority in Islam
What does belief in the prophets mean to Sunni Muslims?
Muhammad is the most important prophet of God
What does belief in the Day of Judgement mean to Sunni Muslims?
When all humanity will be judged by god and sent to paradise or hell
What are the five roots of Usul ad-Din in Shi’a Islam?
Tawhid, Prophethood, justice of God, Resurrection, the Imamate
What does belief in prophethood mean to Shi’a Muslims?
Accepting that Muhammad is God’s last prophet and that god’s revelations through him are true
What does belief in the justice of god mean to Shi’a Muslims
God is just and wise, cannot do wrong, and holds humans accountable for their actions
What does belief in the Imamate mean for Shi’a Muslims?
Accepting that the twelve Imams are the leaders of Islam and guard the truth of the religion without error
What does belief in Resurrection mean to Shi’a Muslims?
They will be resurrected after death to be judged by God
How many names are there for God in the Qur’an and the Hadith
99
What does each name of God describe
A quality he has revealed about himself
How to Muslims memorise the names of God
Recite them while praying privately, sometimes use prayer beads
Qur’an 7:180 - Names of God
The Most Excellent Names belong to God: use them to call on Him
God is immanent
within all things and close to his people
God is transcendent
beyond all things
God is omnipotent
all powerful, creator, sustainer and owner of all things
God is all knowing
aware of everything including human actions and thoughts
Qur’an 6:102-103 - Nature of God
This is God, your Lord, there is no God but Him, the Creator of all things, so worship Him; He is in charge of everything. No vision can take Him in, but He takes in all vision. He is the All Subtle, the All Aware
God is beneficent
The source of all goodness
What is god’s beneficence linked to
his mercy and compassion
Bismillah - Daily prayers - God’s mercy
In the name of God, the Lord of Mercy, the Giver of Mercy
What does god act with
fairness and justice
Qur’an 35:1 - angels
Praise be to God, Creator of the heavens and earth, who made angels messengers with two, three, four [pairs of] wings
What to Muslims believe angels receive
god’s words directly from him and pass them on to the prophets of God
Why can angels receive god’s word
Because they are pure and sinless
What do angles not have
Free will so they cannot do anything it displease God
What do angels do to do with god
Ceaselessly praise and worship God
What do guardian angels do?
take care of each person throughout their lives, Qur’an 13:11
What are angels responsible for - Qur’an 18:49
Recording in a ‘book of deeds’ everything each person thinks, says or does to be presented on the Day of Judgement
What does the Angel Israfil do?
Will blow trumpet to announce Day of Judgement
What does the angel of death and his helpers do
Helps take people’s souls to God Qur’an 32:11
When did the angel Jibril first appear to the prophet Muhammad
When he was a child
What did Jibril and Mika’il do when Muhammad was a child
Came during the night to purify his heart so he would be able to receive God’s revelation later
Where did the angel Jibril appear to Muhammad pbuh?
Mount Hira
Guardian Angels - Qur’an 13:11
Each person has angels before and behind, watching over him by God’s command
What is Mika’il an angel of
Mercy
What is Mika’il assigned to do
Reward righteous people for the good they do during their lives
What other responsibilities does Mika’il have?
Sending rain, thunder and lightning to earth
What nourishment do Mika’il and Jibril bring to humans?
Mika’il brings nourishment for the earth and human life, Jibril brings spiritual nourishment
Where do some Sunni Muslims believe God has written down all things that will happen
In a book of decrees
God’s decrees - Qur’an 9:51
Only what God has decreed will happen to us. He is our Master: let the believers put their trust in God
What do many Shi’a Muslims believe about predestination
God knows everything that is going to happen, but it doesn’t mean he decides
Free will - Qur’an 13:11
God does not change the condition of a people [for the worse] unless they change what is in themselves
Rewards from God - Qur’an 2:277
Those who believe, do good deeds, keep up the prayer, and pay the prescribed alms will have their reward with their Lord
What is the stage of life after death?
Akhirah
What does a person still have after death in the grave
Conscious existence
What is the stage of waiting after death called
Barzakh or barrier
What is barzakh for
No one can cross the barrier to amend things they have done wrong or warn the living
What happens as someone lies in the grave
God sends two angels to question them about their faith
When will the Day of Judgement come
When God’s purpose for the universe has been fulfilled
What will happen to the world when Angel Israfil blows the trumpet?
It will be destroyed and transformed into a new world called Akhirah
What happens when Angel Israfil blows the trumpet a second time?
Everyone who has ever lived will be raised from the dead and judged by God
What happens if someone receives their book of deeds in their right hand
They will go to Heaven
What happens if someone receives their book of deeds in their left hand?
Hell
How does God sort the souls
Making them cross the Sirat Bridge that spans the fires of hell, good people cross bad people fall
Hell - Qur’an 56:42-44
They will dwell amid scorching wind and scalding water in the shadow of black smoke, neither cool nor refreshing
Is life after death one of the six articles of faith or one of the five roots of Shi’a Islam
Both
Why is belief in life after death important?
it encourages human responsibility and accountability
What does belief in life after death mean for wrongdoers
satisfies human need for justice that people will be held accountable and be punished for wrongdoing
What is the beliefs in prophets called
risalah
Why are prophets important to Muslims
They provided a method of communication between God and human beings
How many prophets were there all together
Around 124,000
How many prophets are named in the Qur’an
25
What five prophets were some of the most important
Adam, Ibrahim, Musa, Isa and Muhammad
Who was Adam
The first man on Earth, the first prophet of Islam and the father of Islam
Creation of man - Qur’an 32:7 & 9
He breathed from His Spirit into him; He gave you hearing, sight and minds
What happened after Adam was created
God told him to tell angels the names of things and then told the angels to bow down to him
Which angel refused to bow down to Adam
Iblis
What happened to the angel that refused to bow down to Adam
He was thrown out of paradise and vowed to tempt humans to sin against God
Why is Adam important to Muslims as a Prophet?
God gave him understanding and Adam passed on his knowledge to the rest of the human race
What things was Adam the first to do
Learn to plant seeds, harvest crops, and cook food
What did God reveal to Adam
the food Muslims are allowed to eat, how to repent for wrongdoing and how to bury the dead
Abraham - Qur’an 4:125
God took Abraham as a friend
Why is Ibrahim a role model to Muslims
kindness, compassion and refusal to worship idols
Who rebuilt the Ka’aba
Ibrahim
Note
Flashcard